Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder now affects 11 percent of school-aged children. Between 2003 and 2007, the number of diagnoses among children surged by 22 percent, according to the CDC. At the same time, it’s been found that kids are getting at least an hour less of sleep now than they were a hundred years ago.

Vatsal Thakkar, clinical assistant professor of psychiatry at NYU School of Medicine, argues that those two trends are connected.